AST 104 - Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe

Spring 2009 Syllabus

Class meets Tuesdays and Thursdays from 2:00 pm - 3:20 pm in Stolkin Auditorium in the Physics Building

Laboratories meet in B129E in the Physics Building basement

Required Course Materials

For additional information on purchasing and use, click here.

Course Objectives

By the end of the semester, all AST 104 students should gain

  1. the notion that the world is knowable, that we may learn about it through observations, experiments, and theory via the scientific process.
  2. the notion that physical laws are universal, with the behavior of the largest objects in the universe governed by the behavior of its smallest objects, such as atoms and electrons.
  3. familiarity with the night sky and how its appearance changes with time and position.
  4. an understanding of how we measure the mass, temperature, brightness, compostion, distance, and motion of stars.
  5. an understanding of how matter is grouped in galaxies, and of the evidence that most matter cannot be seen with light.
  6. an understanding of how stars, galaxies, and the universe itself changes with time, of how we know, and of what we still don't know.
  7. a cosmic persepctive -- an understanding of the nature and structure of the universe.
  8. the ability to express these ideas to other people.

Many of the key ideas can be grasped visually, so we'll spend a fair amount of time looking at a variety of pictures and maps of the sky. Each of you will have your own Piece of Sky that you will observe throughout the semester, using a research-grade photograph of it from the Palomar Observatory Sky Survey.

We won't use complicated mathematics, but we will speak the language of numbers. Numbers carry a lot of the meaning in astronomy, so we'll learn the most meaningful ones. You will also need to use a few simple formulas, and to interpret graphs. We will use no mathematics above the high-school math that is a prerequisite for acceptance at S.U. Specifically, we'll occasionally use a little algebra but no trigonometry or calculus.

Instructional Philosophy of the Course

To achieve these course obectives, the course instructors have carefully designed a sequence of learning tasks and assessment procedures.

Active engagement with group activities occurring daily

It is our belief that you can learn only a limited amount of information from lecture alone, no matter how clear or entertaining. Therefore, this course is composed of a series of mini-lectures that will be augmented by questions and collaborative classroom activities called Lecture Tutorials. The activities target specific ideas presented in lecture and are designed to be completed in pairs during class by talking through each question and writing a detailed, consensus response. You will not submit these responses for grading. However, because the questions are similar to those on the course exams, you should consider these activities as a critical component to your success in the course. The Lecture Tutorials text must be brought to class each day.

Conceptual questions will be asked periodically in class to assess your understanding of course concepts both after mini-lectures and after tutorials. Sometimes you will answer multiple-choice questions using the PRS clickers, which also should be brought to class each day. Participation in class, as measured by your PRS responses regardless of whether they are right or wrong, will count as 5% of your grade, with extra credit given for correct answers. To account for times when you forget your clicker or cannot attend class, each student's worst 6 days will be dropped from the participation score.

Sometimes we will ask you to work in pairs to come up with descriptive answers to questions and then we'll ask for volunteers to answer (if there are no volunteers we'll just choose random people). Since these questions will be very similar to those on exams, active participation in lectures will be a very effective way to learn the subject (and prepare for the exams).

Required readings and online homework before every class

It is recommended that you complete the reading assignments before the corresponding class. Students who complete the assignments before class get more out of the lecture. Be aware that understanding a (dense) science text is a slow process, and it is easy to "miss the forest for the trees." Try to make sure you understand the main point of each paragraph, and test yourself with the Exercises and Problems in the book and online. Note that the readings do not cover all the material that will be covered in class, although this text does a better job than any others we have found.

On-line homework will be due before each class and count as 15% of your total grade. We are using the Mastering Astronomy online platform, which represents the most sophisticated on-line system for astronomy tutorials and self-study. Howework questions include links to hints, tutorials on the most important related concepts, and a reasonably smooth interface. The first homework will consist of exercises to familiarize you with the interface. The other homework will help you ensure that you are keeping up with the material in the class. You should have received a Student Access Kit to Bennett et al.'s The Essential Cosmic Perspective with your textbook. The MasteringAstronomy course ID for this course is SU2009AST104. Also, make sure to register your SU student ID code (9 digits, no hyphens) when you are prompted (so that you wil receive credit for completing the homework). If you bought your textbook without the Mastering Astronomy Student Access Kit, you will need to purchase the Access Kit online (for $30) when you visit the Mastering Astronomy site. Each assignment will be available one week before it is due, and will remain available for practice or late submission until the end of the semester. Late work will incur a penalty of 5% per day up to a maximum of 50%.

Laboratory exercises most weeks

Laboratory sections meet in room B129E in the basement of the Physics Building. You will perform measurements and observations, discuss key ideas and questions, and interpret and analyze scientific evidence. Attending your weekly laboratory meeting is crucial, and counts for 30% of your total grade. In lab you will be most actively engaged in learning, so it is probably the most valuable two hours you will spend on astronomy each week. You will work in a team of three students. Assignments must be handed in at the end of each lab. The general rule is that make-up labs are not allowed, so you should understand that missing a lab meeting will significantly affect your grade. If you know you will be unable to attend your lab section in a given week, you should arrange ahead of time to attend another section: email both your regular TA and the TA of the section that you wish to attend (see people). The TA will allow you to switch sections if you have a valid excuse (and possibily if you don't) so long as there is space in the section. During the last week of class, students with valid, documented excuses may be permitted to make up a single lab. For some laboratory exercises, calculators are recommended.

Course Conduct

You are expected to show respect for your fellow students and to help provide a good learning environment for them. Please turn off cell phones before you enter the classroom (or the lab). Please do not arrive late nor leave class early (unless you have talked to the instructors in advance and arranged to sit on an aisle). Please refrain from having side conversations that may disturb or distract students near you. Simply put, please don't do anything that will get in the way of your fellow students' learning. If for some reason you cannot keep to these rules, we would rather you stay at home instead of detracting from the atmosphere of the class.

Grading

Grades will be calculated based on your scores on various course activities, in the following proportions:

It is important that you keep track of your grades (especially in the labs) throughout the semester. You will be able to access your up-to-date grades using Blackboard. Your final course grade will be determined from your total score at the end of the semester. The grade limits will not be stricter than the following: 60% for a C-, 80% for a B-, and 90% for an A-. More detailed breakdowns will be determined at the end of the semester, after the final exam, and not before. We stress that you are not in competition with your classmates; we will be very happy if everyone learns the material well enough to earn an A.

Examinations

The three mid-term exams will be held during regular lecture times. For each student, the best exam score will count as 15% of the final grade, the second-best will count 10%, and the worst will count only 5%. There will be no make-up exams offered for the midterms. If you have to miss a midterm due to an excused absence (which generally means either obtaining permission in advance or getting a doctor's note attesting your inability to take the exam), the two exams will be reweighted with the better counting 20% and the worse counting 10%. Missing a midterm unexcused will mean a zero for the exam that counts 5% of your grade.

The final examination will be compulsory and count for every student. No make-up finals will be offered. The final exam will be given on Tuesday, May 5, from 8:00 to 10:00 am, as listed on the course calendar.

During these closed-book, close-note exams, you must bring a photo ID and sit in your assigned seat (posted outside Stolkin). You are not allowed to wear headphones or communicate with anyone in the classrom except for the course instructors and exam proctors. All electronics (cell phones, calculators, etc.) must remain off and stowed at all times during exams (the proctors will have cell phones on in case of an Orange Alert, in accordance with University policies).

Academic Integrity

The Syracuse University Academic Integrity Policy holds students accountable for the integrity of the work they submit. Students should be familiar with the Policy and know that it is their responsibility to learn about instructor and general academic expectations with regard to proper citation of sources in written work. The policy also governs the integrity of work submitted in exams, in laboratories, and in assignments, as well as the veracity of signatures on attendance sheets and other verifications of participation in class activities (such as use of the clickers). Serious sanctions can result from academic dishonesty of any sort. For more information and the complete policy, see http://academicintegrity.syr.edu

Other Information

Stars, Galaxies and the Universe is a course in which you will be doing astronomical observations as well as some hands on experiments and measurements. You can use this course to satisfy the requirement of the liberal arts core for one laboratory science course.

Astronomy 101 is not a prerequisite; AST 101 and AST 104 can be taken independently or together in either order. Taking both AST 101 and AST 104 (in an order) fulfills the requirement of the liberal arts core for one science sequence.

To support laboratory experiments and lecture demonstrations you have been charged a course fee of $25. This fee helps pay for (i) handouts which are distributed to you, (ii) supplies, small pieces of apparatus, and maintenance for the laboratory, (iii) supplies and apparatus for lecture exercises and demonstrations, and (iv) undergraduate students working in the demonstration laboratories.

Students who are in need of disability-related academic accommodations must register with the Office of Disability Services (ODS), 804 University Avenue, Room 309, 315-443-4498. Students with authorized disability-related accommodations should provide a current Accommodation Authorization Letter from ODS to the instructor and review those accommodations with the instructor. Accommodations, such as exam administration, are not provided retroactively; therefore, planning for accommodations as early as possible is necessary. For further information, see the ODS website, Office of Disability Services

Syracuse University
Office of Disability Services
804 University Avenue Room 309
Syracuse, New York 13244-2330
Phone: Voice: (315) 443-4498
TOO: (315) 443-1371
E-Mail: odssched@syr.edu

Essentially ALL administrative information about this course is contained on this web site. Since we only have a finite amount of time, and want to spend that time answering questions about the course content - astronomy - with students, it will be our policy not to respond to emails requesting administrative information that is on this site. This rule is designed to give you the maximum amount of access to the instructor to ask questions about astronomy.

The web address is: http://physics.syr.edu/courses/AST104.09Spring/index.html